The Smell of Molten Projects in the Morning
Ed Nisley's Blog: Shop notes, electronics, firmware, machinery, 3D printing, laser cuttery, and curiosities. Contents: 100% human thinking, 0% AI slop.
Things around the home & hearth
Dump into a stick blender cup:
Blend thoroughly. Slurp.
Notes:
AFAICT, this is the only way to make an avocado palatable.
There is absolutely no connection with yesterday’s post.
Ten months ago, I cleaned the corrosion off our favorite cheese slicer:
After cleaning, I coated it with XTC-3D epoxy:
We’ve been using it daily ever since and it spends most of its life drip-drying in the dish drainer. I added a third opening to the cheerful orange measuring spoon holder just for the slicer.
A few weeks ago I noticed corrosion once again growing on the handle:
I think the rot comes from water diffusing through the epoxy, rather than gross leaks through damage or pinholes. The tip of the handle has the most corrosion, probably due to the water drop hanging there, even though it also has the thickest epoxy coating: it cured with the handle pointing downward.
Verily, rust never sleeps …
A long time ago, a pair of white LED + red laser flashlights powered by an AA cell diverged: one flashlight worked fine, the other always had a dead battery. The latter ended up on my “one of these days” pile, from which it recently emerged and accompanied me to a Squidwrench Tuesday session:
The black wire trailing from the innards goes to the battery negative terminal, with the aluminum body providing the positive terminal connection to the wavy-washer spring contact visible atop the rear PCB inside the front shell.
The switch connects each red wire to the battery negative terminal, so there’s a color code issue in full effect. The two red wires burrow through holes in the rear PCB (shown above) and connect to the negative terminal of the laser module (the brass cylinder near the top) and the negative terminal ring on the front PCB holding the seven white LEDs:
Continuing the color code issue, the black wire from the laser is its positive terminal. The out-of-focus wire (an LED pin) sticking up near the top of the picture carries the positive connection to the LED ring. The red wires from the switch are the negative connections for the LEDs and laser.
Voltages applied to the LED ring and the currents flowing therein:
Seven LEDs at 20 mA each = 140 mA, so the voltage booster must crank out slightly more than 3.2 V. They’re not the brightest white LEDs I’ve ever seen, but suffice for a small flashlight.
A crude sketch of the PCB layout, with a completely incorrect schematic based on the mistaken assumption the SOT23-3 package was an NPN transistor:
Obviously, that’s just not ever going to oscillate, even if the 2603 topmark meant a 2SC2603 transistor, which it doesn’t.
A bit more searching suggests it’s a stripped-down Semtech SC2603A boost converter, normally presented in a SOT23-6 package. If you order a few million of ’em, you can strip off three unused pins, do some internal rebonding, and (presumably) come out with an SOT23-3:
That topology makes more sense!
Before going further, I had to rationalize the colors:
Soldering longer leads to the PCB allows current & voltage measurements:
With the LEDs and laser disconnected, the converter seems to be struggling to keep the capacitor charged:
Those purple spikes come from the current probe at 200 mA/div: maybe half an amp in 5 μs pulses at 6 kHz works out to a 15 mA average current, which is pretty close to the 11 mA I measured; it’s not obvious the Siglent SDM3045 meter was intended to handle such a tiny duty cycle.
Obviously, the output capacitor is junk and, after removing it, the AADE L/C meter says NOT A CAPACITOR. Perhaps it never was one?
Measuring the cap in the good (well, the other flashlight) suggests something around 100 nF, so I installed a random 110 nF cap from the stash. The current peaks are about the same size:
The cap voltage (not shown) is now nearly constant and the 50 Hz PWM rate reduces the average battery current to 100-ish μA:
Not great, but tolerable; a 1000 mA·h battery will go flat in a few months.
The LED current runs a bit hotter than I expected:
The bottom is about 200 mA and the average might be 350 to 400 mA.
Compared with the other flashlight:
So the cap is maybe a bit too small, but it likely doesn’t matter.
Done!
The glaring white ring around the drain comes from Magic Porcelain Chip Fix epoxy:
What looks like a blob on the left side covers the missing chip, with the rest of the ring filled in to make it look like I knew what I was doing. The drain dried out while we were on vacation, having been scrubbed clean before we left, making for the best surface preparation I could provide.
As it turns out, our resident iron bacteria took about a week to set up shop along the bottom of the ring, producing a pair of small rust-colored dots that will inevitably spread to encompass the whole thing. They’re endemic in the plumbing, impossible to kill off, and nothing more than an unsightly nuisance.
A soaker hose leaped under a descending garden fork and accumulated a nasty gash:
Mary deployed a spare and continued the mission, while I pondered how to fix such an odd shape.
For lack of anything smarter, I decided to put a form-fitting clamp around the hose, with silicone caulk buttered around the gash to (ideally) slow down any leakage:
As usual, some doodling got the solid model started:
A hose formed from chopped rubber doesn’t really have consistent dimensions, so I set up the model to spit out small test pieces:
Lots and lots of test pieces:
Each iteration produced a better fit, although the dimensions never really converged:
The overall model looks about like you’d expect:
The clamp must hold its shape around a hose carrying 100 psi (for real!) water, so I put 100 mil aluminum backing plates on either side. Were you doing this for real, you’d shape the plates with a CNC mill, but I just bandsawed them to about the right size and transfer-punched the hole positions:
Some drill press action with a slightly oversize drill compensated for any misalignment and Mr Disk Sander rounded the corners to match the plastic block:
A handful of stainless steel 8-32 screws holds the whole mess together:
These hoses spend their lives at rest under a layer of mulch, so I’m ignoring the entire problem of stress relief at those sharp block edges. We’ll see how this plays out in real life, probably next year.
I haven’t tested it under pressure, but it sure looks capable!
The OpenSCAD source code as a GitHub Gist:
| // Rubber Soaker Hose Splice | |
| // Ed Nisley KE4ZNU July 2018 | |
| Layout = "Build"; // Hose Block Show Build | |
| TestFit = false; // true to build test fit slice from center | |
| //- Extrusion parameters must match reality! | |
| ThreadThick = 0.25; | |
| ThreadWidth = 0.40; | |
| HoleWindage = 0.2; | |
| Protrusion = 0.1; // make holes end cleanly | |
| inch = 25.4; | |
| function IntegerMultiple(Size,Unit) = Unit * ceil(Size / Unit); | |
| //———- | |
| // Dimensions | |
| // Hose lies along X axis | |
| Hose = [200,27.0,12.0]; // X = longer than anything else | |
| Block = [80.0,50.0,4.0 + Hose.z]; // overall splice block size | |
| echo(str("Block: ",Block)); | |
| Kerf = 0.1; // cut through middle to apply compression | |
| ID = 0; | |
| OD = 1; | |
| LENGTH = 2; | |
| // 8-32 stainless screws | |
| Screw = [4.1,8.0,3.0]; // OD = head LENGTH = head thickness | |
| Washer = [4.4,9.5,1.0]; | |
| Nut = [4.1,9.7,6.0]; | |
| CornerRadius = Washer[OD]/2; | |
| NumScrews = 3; // screws along each side of cable | |
| ScrewOC = [(Block.x – 2*CornerRadius) / (NumScrews – 1), | |
| Block.y – 2*CornerRadius, | |
| 2*Block.z // ensure complete holes | |
| ]; | |
| echo(str("Screw OC: x=",ScrewOC.x," y=",ScrewOC.y)); | |
| //———————- | |
| // Useful routines | |
| module PolyCyl(Dia,Height,ForceSides=0) { // based on nophead's polyholes | |
| Sides = (ForceSides != 0) ? ForceSides : (ceil(Dia) + 2); | |
| FixDia = Dia / cos(180/Sides); | |
| cylinder(d=(FixDia + HoleWindage),h=Height,$fn=Sides); | |
| } | |
| // Hose shape | |
| // This includes magic numbers measured from reality | |
| module HoseProfile() { | |
| RimThick = 10.0; // outer sections | |
| RimOD = RimThick; | |
| RimFlatRecess = -0.7; // recess to front flat surface | |
| OuterOC = Hose.y – RimOD; // outer tube centers | |
| RecessM = 1.5; // back recess chord | |
| RecessC = OuterOC; | |
| RecessR = (pow(RecessM,2) + pow(RecessC,2)/4) / (2*RecessM); | |
| RidgeM = 1.0; // front ridge chord | |
| RidgeC = 8.0; | |
| RidgeR = (pow(RidgeM,2) + pow(RidgeC,2)/4) / (2*RidgeM); | |
| NumSides = 12*4; | |
| rotate([0,-90,0]) | |
| translate([0,0,-Hose.x/2]) | |
| linear_extrude(height=Hose.x,convexity=4) | |
| difference() { | |
| union() { | |
| for (j=[-1,1]) // outer channels | |
| translate([0,j*OuterOC/2]) | |
| circle(d=RimOD,$fn=NumSides); | |
| translate([-RimOD/4,0]) // rear flat fill | |
| square([RimOD/2,OuterOC],center=true); | |
| translate([(RimOD/4 + RimFlatRecess),0]) // front flat fill | |
| square([RimOD/2,OuterOC],center=true); | |
| intersection() { | |
| translate([Hose.z/2,0]) | |
| square([Hose.z,OuterOC],center=true); | |
| translate([-RidgeR + RimOD/2 + RimFlatRecess + RidgeM,0]) | |
| circle(r=RidgeR,$fn=NumSides); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| translate([-(RecessR + RimOD/2 – RecessM),0]) | |
| circle(r=RecessR,$fn=2*NumSides); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| // Outside shape of splice Block | |
| // Z centered on hose rim circles, not overall thickness through center ridge | |
| module SpliceBlock() { | |
| difference() { | |
| hull() | |
| for (i=[-1,1], j=[-1,1]) // rounded block | |
| translate([i*(Block.x/2 – CornerRadius),j*(Block.y/2 – CornerRadius),-Block.z/2]) | |
| cylinder(r=CornerRadius,h=Block.z,$fn=4*8); | |
| for (i = [0:NumScrews – 1], j=[-1,1]) // screw holes | |
| translate([-(Block.x/2 – CornerRadius) + i*ScrewOC.x, | |
| j*ScrewOC.y/2, | |
| -(Block.z/2 + Protrusion)]) | |
| PolyCyl(Screw[ID],Block.z + 2*Protrusion,6); | |
| cube([2*Block.x,2*Block.y,Kerf],center=true); // slice through center | |
| } | |
| } | |
| // Splice block less hose | |
| module ShapedBlock() { | |
| difference() { | |
| SpliceBlock(); | |
| HoseProfile(); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| //———- | |
| // Build them | |
| if (Layout == "Hose") | |
| HoseProfile(); | |
| if (Layout == "Block") | |
| SpliceBlock(); | |
| if (Layout == "Bottom") | |
| BottomPlate(); | |
| if (Layout == "Top") | |
| TopPlate(); | |
| if (Layout == "Show") { | |
| difference() { | |
| SpliceBlock(); | |
| HoseProfile(); | |
| } | |
| color("Green",0.25) | |
| HoseProfile(); | |
| } | |
| if (Layout == "Build") { | |
| SliceOffset = TestFit && !NumScrews%2 ? ScrewOC.x/2 : 0; | |
| intersection() { | |
| translate([SliceOffset,0,Block.z/4]) | |
| if (TestFit) | |
| cube([ScrewOC.x/2,4*Block.y,Block.z/2],center=true); | |
| else | |
| cube([4*Block.x,4*Block.y,Block.z/2],center=true); | |
| union() { | |
| translate([0,0.6*Block.y,Block.z/2]) | |
| ShapedBlock(); | |
| translate([0,-0.6*Block.y,Block.z/2]) | |
| rotate([0,180,0]) | |
| ShapedBlock(); | |
| } | |
| } | |
| } |
Six weeks later, the mint seemed about as extracted as it was going to get and I now have nearly a liter of decidedly green mint extract:
Correspondingly, the leaves turned from bright green to dull brown:
The smaller and darker pile in the rightmost bowl came from the smaller jar (on the left) with a higher alcohol-to-leaf ratio:
Perhaps packing the jars before pouring in the alcohol doesn’t extract as efficiently. Or maybe, as in so many things, it doesn’t really matter.
A liter of mint extract may not be a lifetime supply, but it’ll suffice for quite a while!
Repaving the driveway truncated the roots of a maple tree and, this year, produced a handsome pair of fungii:
Seen from the side, they’re even more complex:
They’re firm and perfectly healthy, but the tree is likely doomed.
The Smell of Molten Projects in the Morning 