The Smell of Molten Projects in the Morning

Ed Nisley's Blog: Shop notes, electronics, firmware, machinery, 3D printing, laser cuttery, and curiosities. Contents: 100% human thinking, 0% AI slop.

Author: Ed

  • Crysknife

    In these degenerate times, it seems anyone can just buy a crysknife:

    Farberware ceramic knife
    Farberware ceramic knife

    Admittedly, it lacks the original’s kinjal shape and curved blade. We once had a double-edged, serrated kitchen knife and I swore a mighty oath on the bones of my ancestors to never, ever make that mistake again.

    Surprisingly, the plastic handle balances well with the ceramic blade: no need for another tungsten counterweight. The handle extends slightly below the blade’s heel, which may call for some abrasive adjustment.

    The blade is slightly thicker than the wonderful steel santoku knives we’ve been using forever and doesn’t taper uniformly from spine to edge, so it’s no good for constrained cutting (like quartering an apple). The hollow-ground section behind the edge forms a wedge that cracks apples apart, unlike the santoku’s full-width taper that just slides right through.

    I was mildly surprised to find that it’s no sharper (perhaps that’s “no more keen”) than our steel knives, but, then, I’m wicked with the sharpening steel. The edge arrived minus a few tiny chips and I suspect we’ll add more in normal use, right up to the moment when one of us drops it on the floor.

    A gotcha: that blade’s eyeblink  affordance is harmless plastic. I must remind myself it’s a real knife with a lethally sharp edge.

    Thus far, we’ve sheathed the blade unblooded, in clear violation of the Fremen ritual. May it ever be so…

  • FT82-43 Slit Toroid: Armor

    Given the fragility of ferrite toroids in general and slit toroids in particular, a touch of up-armoring seems sensible:

    FT82-43 toroid - mounted
    FT82-43 toroid – mounted

    The solid model includes a toroid shell with roughly the right curves:

    Toroid Mount - Show layout
    Toroid Mount – Show layout

    That puts a nice rounded shape on the bottom of the armor, not that that makes much difference:

    Toroid Mount - Build layout
    Toroid Mount – Build layout

    The central hole passes a 4-40 brass, nylon, or stainless steel screw. Most of the magnetic field stays within the ferrite and, heck, this isn’t a crazy-sensitive analog application, so even an ordinary steel screw shouldn’t cause any particular problems.

    The rectangular (not pie-wedge) slit barely passes the Hall effect sensor.

    I’ll pour some clear epoxy over the toroid, with tape masking the ferrite core and sealing the ends, to immobilize the windings. That sounds like a good idea after calibration and suchlike.

    The OpenSCAD source code, which should be sufficiently parametric that I can crank ’em out for all the other toroids large enough to accept a screw:

    // Toroid coil mounting bracket
    // Ed Nisley - KE4ZNU - August 2014
    
    Layout = "Mount";			// Coil Mount Build Show
    
    //- Extrusion parameters must match reality!
    //  Print with 4 shells and 3 solid layers
    
    ThreadThick = 0.20;
    ThreadWidth = 0.40;
    
    HoleWindage = 0.2;			// extra clearance
    
    Protrusion = 0.1;			// make holes end cleanly
    
    AlignPinOD = 1.70;			// assembly alignment pins: filament dia
    
    function IntegerMultiple(Size,Unit) = Unit * ceil(Size / Unit);
    
    //----------------------
    // Dimensions
    
    ID = 0;												// subscripts for cylindrical objects
    OD = 1;
    LEN = 2;
    
    Coil = [10.25,23.50,8.3];							// wound toroid core
    
    SensorThick = 2.0;
    
    BaseThick = IntegerMultiple(1.0,ThreadThick);		// baseplate under coil
    WallThick = IntegerMultiple(1.0,ThreadWidth);		// walls beside coil
    
    ScrewHoleDia = 4.0;									// allow alignment slop around 3 mm / #4 screws
    
    //----------------------
    // Useful routines
    
    module PolyCyl(Dia,Height,ForceSides=0) {			// based on nophead's polyholes
    
      Sides = (ForceSides != 0) ? ForceSides : (ceil(Dia) + 2);
    
      FixDia = Dia / cos(180/Sides);
    
      cylinder(r=(FixDia + HoleWindage)/2,
               h=Height,
               $fn=Sides);
    }
    
    module ShowPegGrid(Space = 10.0,Size = 1.0) {
    
      RangeX = floor(100 / Space);
      RangeY = floor(125 / Space);
    
    	for (x=[-RangeX:RangeX])
    	  for (y=[-RangeY:RangeY])
    		translate([x*Space,y*Space,Size/2])
    		  %cube(Size,center=true);
    
    }
    
    //----------------------
    // Basic coil shape
    
    module CoilShape() {
    	
    CornerRadius = min((Coil[LEN] / 2),((Coil[OD] - Coil[ID]) / 2))  / 3;
    MidRadius = (Coil[ID] + Coil[OD]) / 4;
    HalfX = (Coil[OD] - Coil[ID]) / 4 - CornerRadius;
    HalfY = (Coil[LEN] / 2) - CornerRadius;
    
    echo(CornerRadius,MidRadius,HalfX,HalfY);
    	
    	color("Goldenrod")
    	render(convexity = 2)
    		rotate(180/20)
    			rotate_extrude(convexity=3,$fn=20)
    				translate([MidRadius,0])
    					hull() 
    						for (i=[-1,1],j=[-1,1])
    							translate([i*HalfX,j*HalfY])
    								circle(r=CornerRadius,$fn=24);
    }
    
    //----------------------
    // Mount
    
    module Mount() {
    
    	difference() {
    		rotate(180/20)
    			cylinder(h=(BaseThick + Coil[LEN]),d=(Coil[OD] + 2*WallThick),$fn=20);
    		
    		translate([0,0,-Coil[LEN]])							// make screw hole
    			rotate(180/6)
    				PolyCyl(ScrewHoleDia,3*Coil[LEN],$fn=6);
    			
    		translate([0,0,BaseThick + Coil[LEN]/2])			// set bottom curve
    			CoilShape();
    			
    		translate([0,0,BaseThick + Coil[LEN]])				// clear out top
    			CoilShape();
    			
    		translate([(Coil[ID]/2 + Coil[OD]/2),0,0])
    			cube([Coil[OD],SensorThick,3*Coil[LEN]],center=true);
    	}
    }
    
    
    ShowPegGrid();
    
    if (Layout == "Coil") {
    	CoilShape();
    }
    
    if (Layout == "Mount")
    	Mount();
    
    if (Layout == "Show") {
    	Mount();
    	translate([0,0,(BaseThick + Coil[LEN]/2)])
    		CoilShape();
    }
    
    
    if (Layout == "Build") {
    	Mount();
    }
    
  • FT82-43 Slit Toroid: Construction

    The FT82-43 toroid slit easily enough, using the same diamond-wheel Sherline setup as for the smaller toroids:

    FT82-43 toroid - slit
    FT82-43 toroid – slit

    I’m pretty sure that chip at 1 o’clock happened while it was clamped in the vise between two cardboard sheets, but I haven’t a clue as how it got that much force. In any event, that shouldn’t affect the results very much, right up until it snaps in two.

    Although the current will come from a (rectified) 120 VAC source, the winding will support only as much voltage as comes from the IR drop and inductive reactance, which shouldn’t be more than a fraction of a volt. Nevertheless, I wound the core with transformer tape:

    FT82-43 toroid - wrapped
    FT82-43 toroid – wrapped

    That’s 3M 4161-11 electrical tape (apparently out of production, but perhaps equivalent to 3M’s Super 10 tape) cut into half-foot lengths, slit to 100 mils, and wrapped ever so gently.

    The thickest offering from the Big Box o’ Specialty Wire was 24 AWG, so that’s what I wound on it:

    FT82-43 toroid - wound
    FT82-43 toroid – wound

    That’s 56 turns, which should convert 2.2 A into 1000 G (enough to max out the Hall effect sensor) and is more in keeping with 24 AWG wire’s 3.5 A current rating.

    The insulated core requires just under 1 inch/turn, so figure the length at 56 inch. The wire tables show 26.2 Ω/1000 ft, so the DC winding resistance should be 120 mΩ. My desk meter has 0.1 Ω resolution, which is exactly the difference between shorted probes and probes across the coil: close enough.

    The inductance is 170 µH, so the inductive reactance at 120 Hz  = 128 mΩ.

    Now, for a bit of armor…

     

  • Another Bike Ride, With Gratuitous Smog

    Large Pickup - Small Brain
    Large Pickup – Small Brain

    He could claim to be accelerating after a stop signal and that’s just how those big Chevy “clean diesel” engines work, even with DEF and DPF in full effect.

    In point of fact, this was deliberate:

    Large Pickup - Small Brain - Penumbra
    Large Pickup – Small Brain – Penumbra

    I wish no ill on any man, but, should the Fates decree that a big pickup must be found wrapped around a tree, I have a recommendation.

    We were northbound on 9W, returning home after an end-of-summer party.

  • Cycling the Hudson Valley: 2014

    Seven days and 300 miles of pedal pushing:

    KE4ZNU route - 2014-07-28 through 2014-08-04
    KE4ZNU route – 2014-07-28 through 2014-08-04

    We rode north to the start of the Cycling the Hudson Valley ride in (wait for it) Hudson, rode south while crossing the Hudson six times, then I rode north from Da Bronx while the other 100 riders proceeded south to the tip of Manhattan and the finish line in Brooklyn. Mary, alas, drove the last few days to avoid aggravating a tender tendon.

    While everybody else had a touristing day in Hyde Park, we slept in our own beds for two nights.

    Everything you need to know about modern bicycle touring:

    Cycling the Hudson Valley - Charging Station
    Cycling the Hudson Valley – Charging Station

    The straight line along the right side of the map, from just below the New Croton Reservoir to Hopewell Junction, represents data loss from riding in a valley, plus knocking the coaxial power plug out of the battery pack where the South County Trail becomes one with Rt 100 / Saw Mill River Road for a few miles.

    That last day had plenty of hillclimbing, even on the rail trail, but with a rewarding section of Rt 52 that drops 500 feet in a mile; I hit 41 mph while passing under I-84.

    A good time was had by all!

  • Bike Helmet Earbud Iteration

    Based on having to seal the rear vent hole of the previous earbud, I did the same for the new one:

    Earbud - blocked vent
    Earbud – blocked vent

    The audio quality was terrible, so I tried another bud with a foam windscreen over the hole and a hole punched in the middle of the double-sided white foam tape:

    Earbud - foam over vent
    Earbud – foam over vent

    The audio remained unintelligible, so I tried an upscale (but still cheap, because surplus) Koss earbud, first without blocking the vents and then with snippets of Kapton tape:

    Koss earbud - tape over vent
    Koss earbud – tape over vent

    The earphone has three slits on each side, but only the middle slit has a hole penetrating the case; it must be a stylin’ thing.

    That sounded better, so I’ll roll with it. There’s supposed to be a foam cover over the housing, but those things always get grody and fall off; there’s not much point.

    As nearly as I can tell, contemporary earbud designs optimize for volume (dBm/mV) and thumpin’ bass, all to the detriment of actual audio quality. Based on numerous samples over the years, there is zero correlation between price (admittedly, on the low end) and audio quality (admittedly, with my crappy hearing).

    I own a pair of very nice (and thoroughly obsolete) Shure E2c sound-isolating ear beetles that sound great (even with my crappy hearing), but I’m unwilling to chop them up for the bike headset …

  • Clymene Moth

    The first Clymene Moth we ever saw:

    Clymene Moth
    Clymene Moth

    It’s a poor picture, but the moth was up and away after that; as always, the poor picture you get is better than the great picture you might have gotten.

    A few days later, we spotted two of them on a brick wall, so there must be a bunch more out there.