The Smell of Molten Projects in the Morning

Ed Nisley's Blog: Shop notes, electronics, firmware, machinery, 3D printing, laser cuttery, and curiosities. Contents: 100% human thinking, 0% AI slop.

Category: Photography & Images

Taking & making images.

  • Monthly Image: Belmar Bridge

    About five miles south of Franklin PA along the Allegheny River Trail, the Belmar Bridge carries the Sandy Creek Trail over the Allegheny River:

    Belmar Bridge - Rivets
    Belmar Bridge – Rivets

    The gap in the rivets along the main truss show where someone pried off the bronze plaque surely commemorating the bridge. The scarred surface suggests a bronze-steel battery was in effect for quite some time.

    I’m a sucker for big ironwork:

    Belmar Bridge - Truss Joint
    Belmar Bridge – Truss Joint

    It’s a look at engineering done in the days of slide rules and limited data, when overengineering wasn’t nearly as bad as ensuring the thing never, ever fell down.

    The bolts holding the beams and struts together show considerable confidence:

    Belmar Bridge - Ironwork - bolt detail
    Belmar Bridge – Ironwork – bolt detail

    Each bolt counts as single point of failure, but this one can rust for a long, long time before the risk becomes important.

    Each of those gazillion rivets required a crew to heat white hot, shove into the hole, and hammer tight.

    They don’t make ’em like that any more and I suppose it’s a good thing …

     

     

     

  • Ortlieb Backroller Pack Drop

    Although the pair of Ortlieb Back-Roller packs on Mary’s bike make her look like a long-distance tourist, we’re actually on our way to her garden plot:

    AS30V-0285
    AS30V-0285

    The left-side pack suddenly seemed unusually floppy:

    AS30V-0300
    AS30V-0300

    One second later:

    AS30V-0360
    AS30V-0360

    Another second and it’s visible under my right hand:

    AS30V-0420
    AS30V-0420

    The view from her bike at about the same time:

    Ortlieb-0158
    Ortlieb-0158

    I’m expecting to fall to my right, but it’d have been better if I hadn’t kicked the bag:

    Ortlieb-0169
    Ortlieb-0169

    The pack went under the rear wheel and out the far side:

    Ortlieb-0185
    Ortlieb-0185

    Where it came to rest in the middle of the trail:

    Ortlib pack drop - aftermath
    Ortlib pack drop – aftermath

    Elapsed time from the first picture: just under 5 s.

    Did you notice the other cyclist in the other pictures? She’s why I veered so hard to my right!

    A pair of these latches hold the pack onto the rear rack:

    Ortlieb pack drop - QL latch detail
    Ortlieb pack drop – QL latch detail

    When they’re properly engaged, they look like this:

    Ortlieb pack drop - QL latch - secure
    Ortlieb pack drop – QL latch – secure

    When they’re not, they look like this:

    Ortlieb pack drop - QL latch - whoopsie
    Ortlieb pack drop – QL latch – whoopsie

    Which is obvious in the picture and inconspicuous in real life.

    The strap emerging from the top of the latch serves as both a carrying handle and latch release: pull upward to open the latches and release them from the bar, lift to remove the pack, and carry it away as you go. Installing the pack proceeds in reverse: lower the pack onto the rack bar, release the handle, and the latches engage.

    Unless the pack is empty enough to not quite fully open the latches as you carry it, in which case the closed latches simply rest on the bar. We’ve both made that mistake and I generally give her packs a quick glance to ensure sure they’re latched. In this case, the plastic drawer atop the racks (carrying seedling pots on their way to the garden) completely concealed the pack latches.

    Tree roots have been creasing the asphalt along that section of the rail trail: the bike finally bounced hard enough to lift the drawer and fall off the rack rod.

    Memo to Self: In addition to the visual check, lift the packs using the strap across the middle holding the rolled-down top in place. Remember, don’t check by lifting the carrying handle, because it just releases the latches; another easy mistake to make.

    Whew!

  • Copying Action Camera Video: Now With UUIDs

    Having tired of manually decoding UDEV’s essentially random device names produced for the various USB action cameras and card readers, I put the device UUIDs in /etc/fstab and let the device names fall where they may:

    UUID=B40C6DD40C6D9262	/mnt/video	ntfs	noauto,uid=ed 0 0
    UUID=0FC4-01AB	/mnt/Fly6	vfat	noauto,nodiratime,uid=ed	0	0
    UUID=0000-0001	/mnt/M20	vfat	noauto,nodiratime,uid=ed	0	0
    LABEL=AS30V	/mnt/AS30V	exfat	noauto,nodiratime,uid=ed	0	0
    

    You get those by plugging everything in, running blkid, and sorting out the results.

    The 64 GB MicroSD card from the Sony AS30V camera uses Microsoft’s proprietary exfat file system, which apparently doesn’t associate a UUID/GUID with the entire device, so you must use a partition label. The Official SD Card Formatter doesn’t (let you) set one, so:

    exfatlabel /dev/sdd1 AS30V
    

    It turns out you can include spaces in the partition label, but there’s no way to escape them (that I know of) in /etc/fstab, so being succinct counts for more than being explanatory.

    One could name the partition in the Windows device properties pane, which would make sense if one knew it was necessary while the Token Windows Laptop was booted with the card in place.

    I think this is easier then trying to persuade UDEV to create known device names based on the USB hardware characteristics, because those will depend on which USB card / device / reader I use. I can force the UUIDs to be whatever I want, because they’re just bits in the disk image.

    With all that in place, you plug in All. The. Gadgets. and run the script (as seen below). The general idea is to verify the bulk video drive mounted OK, attempt to mount each memory card and fire off a corresponding rsync copy, wait until they’re all done, tidy the target filenames, then delete all the source files to get ready for the next ride.

    Funneling all three copies to a single USB hard drive probably isn’t the smartest thing, but the overall write ticks along at 18 MB/s, which is Good Enough for my simple needs. If the drive thrashes itself to death, I won’t do it again; I expect it won’t fail until well outside the 1 year limited warranty.

    If any of the rsync copies fail, then nothing gets deleted. I’m a little queasy about automagically deleting files, but it’s really just video with very little value. Should something horrible happen, I’d do the copies by hand, taking great care to not screw up.

    After all, how many pictures like this do we need?

    Ed signalling on Raymond
    Ed signalling on Raymond

    The Bash script as a GitHub Gist:

    UUID=B40C6DD40C6D9262 /mnt/video ntfs noauto,uid=ed 0 0
    UUID=0FC4-01AB /mnt/Fly6 vfat noauto,nodiratime,uid=ed 0 0
    UUID=0000-0001 /mnt/M20 vfat noauto,nodiratime,uid=ed 0 0
    LABEL=AS30V /mnt/AS30V exfat noauto,nodiratime,uid=ed 0 0
    view raw fstab hosted with ❤ by GitHub
    #!/bin/bash
    # This uses too many bashisms for dash
    thisdate=$(date –rfc-3339=date)
    echo Date is $thisdate
    date
    # MicroSD / readers / USB drive defined in fstab
    # … with UUID or PARTID as appropriate
    echo Mounting bulk video drive
    sudo mount /mnt/video
    if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    echo '** Cannot mount video storage drive'
    exit
    fi
    # Show starting space available
    df -h /mnt/video
    #– Sony AS30V
    printf "\n— AS30V\n"
    as30v=/mnt/AS30V
    sudo mount $as30v
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo " start AS30V transfer on $as30v"
    mkdir /mnt/video/AS30V/$thisdate
    rsync -ahu –progress –exclude "*THM" $as30v/MP_ROOT/100ANV01/ /mnt/video/AS30V/$thisdate &
    pid1=$!
    echo " PID is $pid1"
    else
    echo " skipping"
    as30v=
    fi
    #– Cycliq Fly6
    printf "\n— Fly6\n"
    fly6=/mnt/Fly6
    sudo mount $fly6
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo " start Fly6 transfer on $fly6"
    rsync -ahu –progress $fly6 /mnt/video &
    pid2=$!
    echo " PID is $pid2"
    else
    echo " skipping"
    fly6=
    fi
    #– SJCAM M20
    printf "\n— M20\n"
    m20=/mnt/M20
    sudo mount $m20
    if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
    echo " start M20 transfer on $m20"
    mkdir /mnt/video/M20/$thisdate
    # See if any still images exist to avoid error messages
    n=$( ls $m20/DCIM/Photo/* 2> /dev/null | wc -l )
    if [ $n -gt 0 ] ; then
    echo " copy M20 photos first"
    rsync -ahu –progress $m20/DCIM/Photo/ /mnt/video/M20/$thisdate
    fi
    rsync -ahu –progress $m20/DCIM/Movie/ /mnt/video/M20/$thisdate &
    pid3=$!
    echo " PID is $pid3"
    else
    echo " skipping"
    m20=
    fi
    printf "\n—– Waiting for all rsync terminations\n"
    rc=0
    for p in $pid1 $pid2 $pid3 ; do
    wait -n
    rc=$(( rc+$? ))
    echo RC so far: $rc
    done
    date
    if [ $rc -eq 0 ] ; then
    echo '—– Final cleanups'
    echo Fix capitalized extensions
    find /mnt/video -name \*AVI -print0 | xargs -0 rename -v -f 's/AVI/avi/'
    find /mnt/video -name \*MP4 -print0 | xargs -0 rename -v -f 's/MP4/mp4/'
    if [ "$as30v" ]; then
    echo Remove files on $as30v
    rm $as30v/MP_ROOT/100ANV01/*
    sudo umount $as30v
    fi
    if [ "$fly6" ]; then
    echo Remove files on $fly6
    rm -rf $fly6/DCIM/*
    sudo umount $fly6
    fi
    if [ "$m20" ]; then
    echo Remove files on $m20
    rm $m20/DCIM/Movie/* $m20/DCIM/Photo/*
    sudo umount $m20
    fi
    echo '—– Space remaining on video drive'
    df -h /mnt/video
    sudo umount /mnt/video
    echo Done!
    else
    echo Whoopsie! Total RC: $rc
    fi
    view raw savevideo.sh hosted with ❤ by GitHub
  • Monthly Image: Maple Tree Fungus

    Repaving the driveway truncated the roots of a maple tree and, this year, produced a handsome pair of fungii:

    Fungus - top view
    Fungus – top view

    Seen from the side, they’re even more complex:

    Fungus - side view
    Fungus – side view

    They’re firm and perfectly healthy, but the tree is likely doomed.

  • Toshiba 3 TB Drive Format & Speed

    A new Toshiba Canvio Basics 3 TB drive has two partitions:

    sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdb
    Disk /dev/sdb: 2.7 TiB, 3000592979968 bytes, 5860533164 sectors
    Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
    Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
    I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
    Disklabel type: gpt
    Disk identifier: 575F7910-3F93-4FC5-B50F-7D1F05810EE6
    
    Device      Start        End    Sectors  Size Type
    /dev/sdb1      34     262177     262144  128M Microsoft reserved
    /dev/sdb2  264192 5860532223 5860268032  2.7T Microsoft basic data
    
    Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
    

    The “Microsoft reserved” partition is new to me. It’s apparently not a real partition, but a dumping ground for Windows disk management information.

    The drive is a classic Black Box:

    Toshiba 3 TB USB drive
    Toshiba 3 TB USB drive

    It comes with no specs, other than the tediously qualified “3 TB”, and the Toshiba web page shows only a 5 Gb/s = 625 MB/s “Max. transfer rate”.

    A quick test slurping data from the Sandisk video-rated MicroSD card extracted from the Fly6 camera shows it can write data at a sustained 21 MB/s:

    time rsync -ahu --progress /mnt/Fly6/ /mnt/part/test/
    sending incremental file list
    ./
    CONFIG.TXT
                 33 100%    0.00kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#1, to-chk=29/31)
    FLY6.VER
                 14 100%   13.67kB/s    0:00:00 (xfr#2, to-chk=28/31)
    DCIM/
    DCIM/15880604/
    DCIM/15980609/
    DCIM/15980609/09490001.AVI
            499.32M 100%   21.61MB/s    0:00:22 (xfr#3, to-chk=21/31)
    DCIM/15980609/09590002.AVI
            497.75M 100%   20.95MB/s    0:00:22 (xfr#4, to-chk=20/31)
    DCIM/15980609/10090003.AVI
            499.06M 100%   21.31MB/s    0:00:22 (xfr#5, to-chk=19/31)
    DCIM/15980609/10190004.AVI
            278.10M 100%   21.48MB/s    0:00:12 (xfr#6, to-chk=18/31)
    
    ... snippage ...
    
    real	6m26.272s
    user	0m55.900s
    sys	0m25.496s
    

    That’s with the card jammed into an Anker USB 3.0 adapter and both devices plugged into the two USB 3.0 “Super Speed” ports in the front of my desktop box. Plugging them both into the adjacent USB 2.0 ports drops the data rate to 18 MB/s.

    The Sandisk card claims read-write speeds of “up to” 20 MB/s, so it’s the limiting factor.

    Getting reliable performance numbers is surprisingly difficult:

    dd bs=4M count=1000 status=progress if=/dev/urandom of=/mnt/part/random.bin
    4177526784 bytes (4.2 GB, 3.9 GiB) copied, 214.064 s, 19.5 MB/s 
    1000+0 records in
    1000+0 records out
    4194304000 bytes (4.2 GB, 3.9 GiB) copied, 214.922 s, 19.5 MB/s
    
    dd bs=4M count=1000 status=progress if=/dev/urandom of=/mnt/part/random2.bin
    4194304000 bytes (4.2 GB, 3.9 GiB) copied, 217.08 s, 19.3 MB/s  
    1000+0 records in
    1000+0 records out
    4194304000 bytes (4.2 GB, 3.9 GiB) copied, 217.08 s, 19.3 MB/s
    

    Obviously, prying bits out of the random number generator limits the overall write speed.

    Zeros, however, are cheap and readily available:

    dd bs=4M count=1000 status=progress if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/part/null.bin
    4169138176 bytes (4.2 GB, 3.9 GiB) copied, 23.0091 s, 181 MB/s
    1000+0 records in
    1000+0 records out
    4194304000 bytes (4.2 GB, 3.9 GiB) copied, 23.1775 s, 181 MB/s
    
    dd bs=4M count=1000 status=progress if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/part/null2.bin
    4093640704 bytes (4.1 GB, 3.8 GiB) copied, 25.031 s, 164 MB/s 
    1000+0 records in
    1000+0 records out
    4194304000 bytes (4.2 GB, 3.9 GiB) copied, 25.7781 s, 163 MB/s
    

    But the caches take a while to drain, even after the command returns:

    time ( dd bs=4M count=1000 status=progress if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/part/null3.bin ; sync )
    4118806528 bytes (4.1 GB, 3.8 GiB) copied, 23.0004 s, 179 MB/s
    1000+0 records in
    1000+0 records out
    4194304000 bytes (4.2 GB, 3.9 GiB) copied, 23.5305 s, 178 MB/s
    
    real	0m35.887s
    user	0m0.008s
    sys	0m4.824s
    

    Dividing 4 GB / 35.9 s says the mechanical write speed is close to 110 MB/s.

    Reading proceeds a bit faster, while also running up against the effect of the many caches between the spinning platter and the screen:

    time ( cp /mnt/part/random.bin /dev/null )
    real	0m36.565s
    user	0m0.048s
    sys	0m1.712s
    
    time ( cp /mnt/part/random.bin /dev/null )
    real	0m29.157s
    user	0m0.036s
    sys	0m1.800s
    
    time ( cp /mnt/part/random.bin /dev/null )
    real	0m10.265s
    user	0m0.028s
    sys	0m1.040s
    
    time ( cp /mnt/part/random.bin /dev/null )
    real	0m0.608s
    user	0m0.004s
    sys	0m0.600s
    
    time ( cp /mnt/part/random.bin /dev/null )
    real	0m0.590s
    user	0m0.008s
    sys	0m0.580s
    
    time ( cp /mnt/part/random2.bin /dev/null )
    real	0m31.035s
    user	0m0.056s
    sys	0m1.816s
    
    time ( cp /mnt/part/random2.bin /dev/null )
    real	0m31.024s
    user	0m0.052s
    sys	0m1.860s
    

    Unsurprisingly, copying a brace of 4 GB files in parallel takes twice as long as each cold-buffer read, so disk’s raw read speed seems to be around 130 MB/s.

    The drive’s write speed won’t be the limiting factor while saving camera video data!

  • On Being the Biggest Clown in the Parade

    On the Dutchess Rail Trail, just north of Page Industrial Park:

    Biggest Clown in the Parade - Photo Op - 2018-06-17
    Biggest Clown in the Parade – Photo Op – 2018-06-17

    Ya gotta admire the confidence of anyone manipulating a kilobuck of slippery glass while looking backward over his shoulder. I’ll take a helmet camera any day, if only because it’s really conspicuous.

    He’s leading a group of four riders, all on spendy carbon-fiber bikes:

    Biggest Clown in the Parade - Peloton - 2018-06-17
    Biggest Clown in the Parade – Peloton – 2018-06-17

    Presumably they’re all smiling at the sight of a recumbent towing a trailer of garden tools topped with two bags of just-picked lettuce. I’m definitely the biggest clown in this particular parade!

    I wonder how they would have reacted to a propane tank in the trailer?

    We’re ticking along at 18 mph and, as it turned out, drafting a quintet of upright bikes is surprisingly easy. If I weren’t towing the trailer with Mary just out of sight ahead, I’d have had some fun until they decided they’d had enough.

    It’s good to bring such happiness into the world …

  • Power Line Inspection

    We heard God’s Own Weedwhacker off to the right as we approached Jackson Drive on the way home:

    Chopper over power lines - Vassar Rd near Jackson Dr - 2018-06-11
    Chopper over power lines – Vassar Rd near Jackson Dr – 2018-06-11

    The chopper followed the power lines, just over the treetops, with the downdraft thrashing the leaves:

    Chopper over power lines - Vassar Rd near Jackson Dr - rear camera - 2018-06-11
    Chopper over power lines – Vassar Rd near Jackson Dr – rear camera – 2018-06-11

    Long ago, I attended a talk about using choppers for power line inspection and maintenance. Apparently, someone with nerves of ice can replace insulator supports and aeolian dampers on high-tension lines while perched on a chopper hovering very very close to the conductors. Pilots with experience getting troops into and out of hot LZs are in high demand.

    I’m sure they give the E911 call center a heads-up before taking off …