The Smell of Molten Projects in the Morning

Ed Nisley's Blog: Shop notes, electronics, firmware, machinery, 3D printing, laser cuttery, and curiosities. Contents: 100% human thinking, 0% AI slop.

Category: Science

If you measure something often enough, it becomes science

  • Bee Tunnel Nests: Emergence

    Bee Tunnel Nests: Emergence

    On rare occasions I see a small bee or wasp investigating the bamboo tunnel nests at the windows:

    Bee Tunnel Nest - wasp investigating
    Bee Tunnel Nest – wasp investigating

    Several of the tubes filled & sealed in early June have served their purpose:

    Bee Tunnel Nest - Small A
    Bee Tunnel Nest – Small A

    Bamboo tubes have a paper-thin liner around the edge, but the mud-sealed tubes have obvious small holes chewed through the end caps:

    Bee Tunnel Nest - Small B
    Bee Tunnel Nest – Small B

    My assumption that various insects would pick their favorite tube from the assortment seems to be working:

    Bee Tunnel Nest - Small C
    Bee Tunnel Nest – Small C

    The medium and large tubes haven’t seen much traffic:

    Bee Tunnel Nest - Medium
    Bee Tunnel Nest – Medium

    We’re glad to help!

  • New Wildlife

    New Wildlife

    An inch-long Praying Mantis stood guard on a carton delivered to the front door:

    Praying Mantis - early instar
    Praying Mantis – early instar

    We hope to see many more of its kind.

    Two views of a one-turn snail found on a lettuce leaf from the garden:

    • One-turn Snail - right side
    • One-turn Snail - left side

    Mary has developed a Zero-Tolerance Policy for snails & slugs, so this one must start over again from the bottom of the food chain.

    With sparrows excluded, the House Wrens eventually began setting up their second nest of the season, with the male proclaiming both he and his lady’s chosen nest are the best in the land:

    • House Wren - second nesting - 2026-06-30
    • House Wren - second nest - 2026-06-30

    Wrens are on our Most Favored Critter list!

    Previous encounters with their ancestors and relatives:

  • Hose Nozzle Flow Restrictors

    Hose Nozzle Flow Restrictors

    Mary wanted less pressure in the spray while watering her plants and I suggested replacing the nozzle’s washer with a flow restrictor:

    Hose Nozzle Flow Restrictors - assembled
    Hose Nozzle Flow Restrictors – assembled

    The 3D-printed TPU base is squishy enough to act as a hose washer:

    Hose Nozzle Flow Restrictor Base - solid model
    Hose Nozzle Flow Restrictor Base – solid model

    A 1.5 mm thick acrylic orifice plate snapped into the opening takes advantage of the laser cutter’s precision:

    Hose Nozzle Flow Restrictors - LightBurn layout
    Hose Nozzle Flow Restrictors – LightBurn layout

    For lack of anything smarter, the holes have areas that are powers-of-two smaller than the nozzle’s 14.2 mm = 158 mm² internal passage: the hole labeled 8 is 158/256 mm² = 0.62 mm² → 0.9 mm diameter.

    Rather than figuring each hole’s diameter, just divide the previous diameter by √2 or rescale it by 100%/√2, which LightBurn can evaluate directly in its Numeric Edits fields. The as-cut holes are larger than their nominal size by about 0.1 mm, but any errors that might cause are definitely in the nature of fine tuning while watering the plants.

    The nozzle’s Shower pattern (on the left in the picture) has a 6.8 L/minute = 110 ml/s flow through an ordinary garden hose washer. The four smallest aperture plates produced these flows:

    Hose Nozzle Flow Restrictors - flow vs dia
    Hose Nozzle Flow Restrictors – flow vs dia

    The flow should scale with the square of the aperture diameter, which I could bully those points into suggesting, but the measurement accuracy produced by filling a gallon jug while tapping my phone’s stopwatch doesn’t justify anything fancier.

    The two smallest apertures reduce the Shower pattern to a very gentle spray requiring far too long to put enough water on the plants. Mary now uses an old plastic sprinkler head with enough holes to produce a dense spray with very little force, with the flow set by fifty feet of PEX pipe running across the width of the house from the town water inlet to the hose bib.

    It was a fun exercise and I learned a little more about printing TPU and fitting acrylic parts therein:

    Hose Nozzle Flow Restrictors - prototypes
    Hose Nozzle Flow Restrictors – prototypes
  • Methanol Package Labeling

    Methanol Package Labeling

    I am so glad methanol is a liquid, not a crystalline powder, because this could be totally misinterpreted:

    Methanol package label
    Methanol package label

    A recent LightBurn forum discussion pointed out methanol is a good solvent for borax to produce dark-brown to black laser engravings in wood. In round numbers, 20% w/w borax will dissolve in methanol at room temperature.

    I understand the toxicity warnings and don’t plan to spray it indoors. OK?

  • Bamboo Bee Tunnel Nests: In Use!

    Bamboo Bee Tunnel Nests: In Use!

    Just over a month after mounting bamboo bee tunnel nest bundles here & there around the house & yard, they have occupants!

    One of the bundles of small (a few mm ID) stalks on the kitchen window:

    Bee Tunnel Nest - small A
    Bee Tunnel Nest – small A

    Another bundle of small stalks on a window a dozen feet away:

    Bee Tunnel Nest - small B
    Bee Tunnel Nest – small B

    A bundle of medium (five to ten mm ID) stalks lashed to a downspout:

    Bee Tunnel Nest - medium
    Bee Tunnel Nest – medium

    Unlike the mud dauber wasps decorating our previous house, these little bees dart in and out without announcing their presence: we’ve never seen them at work.

    Assuming a single bee works on each bundle, she apparently starts with the lowest stalk and moves upward after filling & capping it.

    Larger bees have yet to discover the bundles of larger stalks out on the trees, but … so far, so good!

  • Makergear M2 Platform Flatness Puzzle

    Makergear M2 Platform Flatness Puzzle

    The first layer of a short TPU chain (about which, more later) came out vanishingly thin in the middle and much too thick on the ends:

    Makergear M2 - TPU first layer
    Makergear M2 – TPU first layer

    So: let the platform cool, scrape off the wreckage, set the nozzle for Z=2.0 mm, and measure the actual gap at various spots across the platform.

    Those results are the top set of measurements:

    Makergear M2 - BuildTak flatness check
    Makergear M2 – BuildTak flatness check

    The bottom set of measurements came from a similar test a few days later, after pulling the BuildTak plate off, doing nothing other than scrutinizing it, reinstalling it, and successfully printing several TPU chains of varying design, none of which had any first-layer problems. The platform is slightly too high along the +Y and -Y edges (rear and front), with no bow worth mentioning.

    My measurements are, perforce, done with a cold platform, for obvious reasons, and the TPU prints at 50 °C. I have the uneasy feeling the heater / BuildTak magnetic base can bow upward in the middle while it heats, then flatten out after a while at a stable temperature. The good news: it’s not permanently bent.

    More study is needed, including thinwall boxes after letting the platform soak at 50 °C for varying times.

  • House Sparrow vs. House Wren vs. Entrance Reducer

    House Sparrow vs. House Wren vs. Entrance Reducer

    A friend gave Mary a small-bird birdhouse, which immediately attracted the attention of a pair of House Wrens:

    Bird House entrance reducer - wren exiting
    Bird House entrance reducer – wren exiting

    The vertical black bar is a DIY Birdsaver cord.

    The entrance hole was 1-½ inch ⌀, a bit larger than the 1 inch ⌀ preferred by wrens and entirely suitable for the pair of House Sparrrows who also took an interest in the property:

    Bird House - sparrow inside
    Bird House – sparrow inside

    This led to considerable discussion and displays of outright hostility:

    Bird House entrance reducer - wren vs sparrow
    Bird House entrance reducer – wren vs sparrow

    Sparrows and wrens disagree on nestbuilding materials, with the wrens hauling twigs into the box and sparrows hauling them back out again.

    Because wrens have better PR agents than sparrows, I intervened by taking the box apart:

    Bird House - nest base sticks
    Bird House – nest base sticks

    Although I realize that’s a lot of work for a small bird, I dumped the contents off the patio and set about reducing the entrance hole:

    Bird House - interior cleared
    Bird House – interior cleared

    Because birds aren’t too fussy about looks, I sawed off half an inch of 1 inch (ID) CPVC pipe and glued it in the hole:

    Bird House entrance reducer - interior glue
    Bird House entrance reducer – interior glue

    The outside looks marginally better:

    Bird House entrance reducer - exterior glue
    Bird House entrance reducer – exterior glue

    The sparrows continued to approach the hole at full throttle, deploying landing gear and speed brakes at the last possible moment:

    Bird House entrance reducer - sparrow approach
    Bird House entrance reducer – sparrow approach

    But they no longer fit through the hole and eventually gave up trying. The wrens resumed hauling twigs, although we’re not certain they’ll finish the project, as birds tend to build several partial nests before selecting the final one.

    We hope this will end on a happier note than last year’s Wreath Robins.