The Smell of Molten Projects in the Morning

Ed Nisley's Blog: Shop notes, electronics, firmware, machinery, 3D printing, laser cuttery, and curiosities. Contents: 100% human thinking, 0% AI slop.

Month: April 2021

  • Tour Easy: Bafang BBS02 Pedal Offset Fix

    Tour Easy: Bafang BBS02 Pedal Offset Fix

    For unknown reasons, the Bafang BBS02 motor puts the left pedal 15.5 mm closer to the frame than the right pedal:

    Bafang BBS02 dimensions
    Bafang BBS02 dimensions

    The diagram presents the motor assembly as seen from the bottom, lying on the ground looking upward with your feet forward around the front wheel.

    That much offset may be acceptable for some (upright?) bikes and some riders, but this seemed better for Mary:

    Tour Easy - Lekkie 160mm offset crank - installed
    Tour Easy – Lekkie 160mm offset crank – installed

    Lekkie Buzz Bars have a matching 15.5 mm offset in the left crank to center both pedals on the frame. She’s been pushing 165 mm cranks for long enough to know standard 170 mm cranks require too much leg travel, so that’s a 160 mm Lekkie crank.

    With cranks installed in the BBS02, measured from the frame tube to the inside of the crank at the pedal axis:

    • Bafang 170 mm: L 42, R 62
    • Shimano 105 triple 170 mm: L 46, R 67
    • Lekkie 160 mm: both sides 60

    For comparison, the Shimano 105 cranks on my Tour Easy measure 35 mm on both sides with an ordinary Shimano UM-BB72 bottom bracket cartridge, so the BBS02 + Lekkie cranks put each pedal 25-ish mm farther out. However,my pedals screw into 20 mm Kneesavers, putting them pretty close to the Lekkie spacing.

    We hope the additional space won’t make much difference to Mary; it’s certainly better than sitting offset to the right to match the pedals, as she’s found herself doing with both the Bafang and Shimano cranks on the BBS02. Her right shoe just barely tapped the crank, so we moved the cleat a few millimeters inboard and it’s all good again.

    The Cateye cadence sensor now has a rakish tilt to match the crank offset and looks scarily exposed. More riding is in order.

    The Lekkie cranks have a hollow cross-section that’s concave on the frame side, so the magnet sits on a simple riser to get it out where the sensor can experience it:

    Cateye Cadence Magnet mount - PS preview

    It’s held in place with good foam tape; the cable tie makes me feel better.

    The OpenSCAD code for the riser fits into the GitHub Gist:

    module CateyeMagnet() {
    
    OAL = 24.0;
    D1 = 14.0;
    D2 = 8.0;
    
        linear_extrude(height = 15.0)
            hull() {
                rotate(180/12)
                    circle(d=D1,$fn=12);
                translate([OAL - D1/2 - D2/2,0])
                    rotate(180/12)
                        circle(d=D2,$fn=12);
            }
    }
    
    … snippage …
    
        translate([0,-4*Block.x,0]) {
            rotate(-90)
                CateyeSensor();
            CateyeMagnet();
        }
    

    The build plate is getting crowded:

    Bafang Battery Mount - build view - cadence magnet
    Bafang Battery Mount – build view – cadence magnet

    In point of fact, that array pretty much fills the M2’s platform and would require over 11 hours of print time, which is just crazy talk. Have the slicer break it into separate parts, delete whatever you don’t want at the moment, print what’s left, and iterate until you have everything you need to finish the job.

  • Tour Easy: Bafang Mid-drive vs. Cateye Cadence Sensor

    Tour Easy: Bafang Mid-drive vs. Cateye Cadence Sensor

    For inscrutable reasons, the Bafang 500C display includes all stopped time in its average trip speed. While that is, in fact, the average speed over the entire trip, the Cateye cyclocomputers we’ve been using forever stop averaging after a few seconds at 0 mph.

    Bonus: Although the Bafang BBS02 motor knows the pedal cadence, it’s not part of the display.

    The Bafang BBS02 bottom bracket shaft put its pedal cranks much farther from the Tour Easy’s frame than the Shimano cranks, to the extent that the existing Cateye cadence sensor position just wasn’t going to work, so I printed a simple clip to fit over the motor’s “fixing plate”:

    Tour Easy Bafang BBS02 motor
    Tour Easy Bafang BBS02 motor

    It turns out putting a magnetic sensor immediately next to the winding end of a high-current three-phase motor isn’t the brightest idea I’ve ever had. The Cateye cadence display spent most of its time maxed out at 199 rpm, far faster than Mary can spin for, well, a single revolution.

    A somewhat more complex mount put the sensor roughly where it used to be:

    Cateye Cadence Sensor mount - installed
    Cateye Cadence Sensor mount – installed

    It looks precarious, but it spent nigh onto two decades there without incident, so we have precedent.

    Those are the original 165 mm Shimano cranks, because the 170 mm Bafung cranks threatened to lock out her knees. More on this in a while, as it’s a more complex issue than it may appear.

    The solid model looks about like you’d expect:

    Cateye Cadence Sensor mount - solid model
    Cateye Cadence Sensor mount – solid model

    The OpenSCAD code replaces the simple clip in the original GitHub Gist:

    // Cateye cadence sensor bracket
    
    LockRingDia = [44.0,46.0];
    LockRingLen = [4.0,6.5];
    LockRingOAD = LockRingDia[1] + 2*WallThick;
    LockRingOAL = LockRingLen[0] + LockRingLen[1];
    
    Notches = 16;
    SensorAngle = 3*360/Notches;
    SensorBase = 10.0;
    
    module Cateye() {
    
        difference() {
            union() {
                cylinder(d=LockRingOAD,h=LockRingOAL,$fn=Notches);
                translate([LockRingOAD/2 + LockRingOAL/2 - WallThick/2,0,LockRingOAL/2])
                    cube([LockRingOAL + WallThick,2*WallThick + Kerf,LockRingOAL],center=true);
          rotate(SensorAngle)
                    translate([LockRingOAD/2 + SensorBase - WallThick/2,0,LockRingOAL/2])
                        cube([2*SensorBase + WallThick,2*WallThick,LockRingOAL],center=true);
            }
            translate([0,0,LockRingLen[0]])
                PolyCyl(LockRingDia[1],LockRingOAL,Notches);
            translate([0,0,-Protrusion])
                PolyCyl(LockRingDia[0],2*LockRingOAL,Notches);
    
            translate([LockRingDia[0],0,0])
                cube([2*LockRingDia[0],Kerf,4*LockRingOAL],center=true);
            translate([LockRingOAD/2 + LockRingOAL/2,2*WallThick,LockRingOAL/2])
                rotate([90,0,0])
                    PolyCyl(3.0,4*WallThick,6);
    
            rotate(SensorAngle)
                translate([LockRingOAD/2 + 2*SensorBase - SensorBase/2,2*WallThick,LockRingOAL/2])
                    rotate([90,0,0])
                        PolyCyl(3.0,4*WallThick,6);
        }
    
    }
    
  • M2 Nozzle Clog: FOD

    M2 Nozzle Clog: FOD

    This happened while switching from natural to black PETG:

    M2 nozzle clog - exterior
    M2 nozzle clog – exterior

    A closer look:

    M2 nozzle clog - exterior detail
    M2 nozzle clog – exterior detail

    Those pix happened after trying to extract whatever-it-is with tweezers, so it’s definitely something with a higher melting point than PETG.

    Removing the (warm) nozzle with the block held in a vise reveals a tuft of something:

    M2 nozzle clog - interior
    M2 nozzle clog – interior

    The tuft accumulated several turns while unthreading the nozzle from the hot end.

    Heating the nozzle a bit more released the tuft:

    M2 nozzle clog - extracted tuft
    M2 nozzle clog – extracted tuft

    The black-to-clear transition tailing off at the bottom came from the PETG around the tuft in the cone-shaped end of the nozzle above the aperture. The 100 mil squares suggest the tuft was a distinct entity, rather than a collection of threads, and might have been over 5 mm long.

    Perhaps a fragment of PTFE or another high-melting-point plastic?

    Reassemble in reverse order, reset the nozzle to Z=0 on the platform, and it’s all good.

  • Tour Easy: Asymmetric Handlebar Grips

    Tour Easy: Asymmetric Handlebar Grips

    Installing the Bafang BBS02 motor on Mary’s Tour Easy replaced the triple chainring, so I removed the front derailleur and SRAM grip shifter. This produced enough room for the thumb throttle and a full-length handgrip on the left side:

    Tour Easy grips - left installed
    Tour Easy grips – left installed

    The round button is the PTT switch for the HT.

    The right handlebar still has the rear shifter, so it requires a shorter grip:

    Tour Easy grips - right installed
    Tour Easy grips – right installed

    Although it may be possible to buy such a grip and, thereby, get a backup pair of mismatched grips, it seemed easier straightforward to just shorten the grip to the correct length and be done with it.

    Saw off a convenient length of aluminum rod:

    Tour Easy grips - mandrel sawing
    Tour Easy grips – mandrel sawing

    Although I actually used a steady rest to produce this, it happened during a remote Squidwrench meeting and I have no proof:

    Tour Easy grips - lathe mandrel
    Tour Easy grips – lathe mandrel

    The 22.2 mm = 7/8 inch end matches the more-or-less standard handlebar diameter, so the grip clamp can get a good hold:

    Tour Easy grips - right peeled
    Tour Easy grips – right peeled

    A live center supports the right end of the grip.

    The red coating seems to be gooey silicone rubber molded atop a PVC tube. Rather than (try to) use a lathe bit to cut through the silicone, I cut two slits with a utility knife and the spindle turning slowly in reverse, then peeled off the rubber between the slits.

    With the silicone out of the way, an ordinary cutoff tool made short work of the PVC:

    Tour Easy grips - right trimming
    Tour Easy grips – right trimming

    That was a cleanup pass with the utility knife, as the cutoff tool left a slight flange around part of the circumference. If I had the courage of my convictions, I could probably have cut the PVC with the knife.

    Chamfer the end of the cut, slide it on the handlebar, tighten the clamp, and it’s all good.

    The alert reader will note the clamp should go on first, but that would produce an inconvenient lump against the right shifter. Sliding them on backwards puts the clamp at the end of the handlebar and works out better in this admittedly unusual situation.

  • Bafang USB Programming Adapter

    Bafang USB Programming Adapter

    Changing (“programming”) the Bafang BBS02 motor controller parameters requires a USB-to-serial adapter with a connector matching the end of the cable from the motor to the display. While you can buy such things directly from the usual randomly named Amazon sellers, I happen to have a wide variety of bare adapter boards, so I just bought a display extender cable and cut it in half to get the connector; you can apparently buy pigtailed connectors (for more than the price of an extender) if you dislike cutting cables in half.

    Various documents provide versions of the canonical illustration of the motor end of the display cable, as ripped from Penoff’s original documentation:

    Bafang BBS02 display cable pinout
    Bafang BBS02 display cable pinout

    The pin colors correspond to the wiring inside the motor cable, but the extender uses different colors, because nobody will ever know:

    Bafang programmer - wire colors
    Bafang programmer – wire colors

    A bit of work with a continuity meter gave the pinout:

    Bafang BBS02 display extender - wire colors
    Bafang BBS02 display extender – wire colors

    Don’t trust stuff you read on the Intertubes: make your own measurements and draw your own diagrams!

    You want the cable end carrying the sockets to mate with the pins on the motor cable (coming in from the left):

    Bafang programmer - cable ends
    Bafang programmer – cable ends

    Soldering the cable to a known-counterfeit FTDI USB adapter went swimmingly:

    Bafang programmer - USB adapter wiring
    Bafang programmer – USB adapter wiring

    Note that the yellow-blue connection carries the full 48 V from the battery and may or may not have any current limiting / fusing / protection, so be a little more careful than usual in your wiring layout.

    The red jumper from DTR to CTS, shown in all the Amazon and eBay listIngs, turns out to be unnecessary.

    A quick and dirty case (eventually held together with generous hot-melt glue blobs) protects the PCB and armors the cables:

    Bafang USB-serial adapter interior
    Bafang USB-serial adapter interior

    The solid model over on the right looks about like you’d expect:

    Bafang Battery Mount - complete build view
    Bafang Battery Mount – complete build view

    Most of the instructions will tell you to hot-plug the cable to the motor with the battery connected, which strikes me as foolhardy; not all of those pins make contact in the right order, which means you will slap 50-odd volts across the wrong parts of the circuitry.

    Instead:

    • Disconnect the battery
    • Unplug the display
    • Plug the adapter cable into the motor connector
    • Plug the USB cable into the Token Windows Laptop
    • Reconnect the battery
    • Fire up the “programming” routine
    • Send the new configuration to the motor controller
    • Disconnect the battery
    • Unplug the adapter cable
    • Reconnect the display cable
    • Reconnect the battery

    Makes more sense to me, even if it’s more tedious.

    Tuck this OpenSCAD source code for the case into the original program that produces the battery mounts:

    Layout = "Build";               // [Frame,Block,Show,Build,Bushing,Cateye,Case]
    
    … snippage …
    
    // Programming cable case
    
    ProgCavity = [70.0,19.0,10.0];
    ProgBlock = [85.0,25.0,15.0];
    ProgCableOD = 4.0;
    
    module ProgrammerCase() {
    
        difference() {
            hull() {
                for (i=[-1,1], j=[-1,1])
                    translate([i*(ProgBlock.x/2 - CornerRadius),j*i*(ProgBlock.y/2 - CornerRadius),-ProgBlock.z/2])
                        cylinder(r=CornerRadius,h=ProgBlock.z,$fn=12);
                }
            translate([-ProgBlock.x,0,0])
                rotate([0,90,0])
                    PolyCyl(ProgCableOD,3*ProgBlock.x,6);
            cube(ProgCavity,center=true);
        }
    }
    
    // Half case sections for printing
    
    module HalfCase(Section = "Upper") {
    
        intersection() {
           translate([0,0,ProgBlock.z/4])
                cube([2*ProgBlock.x,2*ProgBlock.y,ProgBlock.z/2],center=true);
            if (Section == "Upper")
                translate([0,0,-Kerf/2])
                    ProgrammerCase();
            else
                translate([0,0,ProgBlock.z/2])
                    ProgrammerCase();
        }
    }
    
    … snippage …
    
    // tuck this into the Build conditional
    
        translate([0,3*Block.x,0]) {
    
            translate([gap*ProgBlock.x/2,0,ProgBlock.z/2])
                rotate([180,0,0])
                    HalfCase("Upper");
            translate([-gap*ProgBlock.x/2,0,0])
                HalfCase("Lower");
    

  • Pixel 3a Boot Failure

    Pixel 3a Boot Failure

    Attempting to rub a smudge off the phone’s screen while it was booting causes problems:

    Pixel 3a boot fail
    Pixel 3a boot fail

    Rebooting that sucker cleared the problem, so it wasn’t permanently fatal.

    Whew!

  • Miniblind Mounting Brackets: Version 4

    Miniblind Mounting Brackets: Version 4

    Miniblinds don’t last forever:

    Miniblind failure
    Miniblind failure

    The plastic frame failed at the pull cord opening, obviously a weak and, alas, non-repairable point.

    A quick trip to Lowe’s produced a new miniblind with mounting hardware completely different from the old one. This came as no surprise, as every new miniblind differs from all previous ones; miniblind mounting hardware is not strongly conserved.

    The broken frame fit into the plastic end caps mounted just beyond the scarred paint marking the bracket location required for the previous miniblind:

    Miniblind bracket - V3
    Miniblind bracket – V3

    Note that the caps mount with a single screw in the homebrew bracket’s face, which has two holes to match the previous-previous cap.

    Also note how the curved moulding strips around the 1955-era windows in this house do not fit any contemporary miniblind hardware, thus requiring Quality Shop Time with every installation.

    Although the shiny new hardware had two slots, they neither lined up with the existing bracket holes nor extended quite far enough vertically. I lined things up, marked and drilled a single midline hole in both the new hardware and the old bracket, and reused the old screw and nut:

    Miniblind bracket - V4 side
    Miniblind bracket – V4 side

    Moving the bracket back to its previous-previous location exposed the scarred paint under the previous position:

    Miniblind bracket - V4 front
    Miniblind bracket – V4 front

    Fortunately, it’s hidden by the installed miniblind.

    That was, all things considered, easy …